After being forced out of the Big Bear Valley, the remaining Yuhaaviatam sought out an existence along Warm Creek in the San Bernardino Valley before the establishment of the San Manuel Reservation in 1891. Less than 30 members of our clan survived this massacre. Most of our people were mercilessly killed in the name of American expansion and resource extraction. Our clan, the Yuhaaviatam, was attacked by a California state government-sanctioned militia in our homeland of Big Bear Valley during a 32-day campaign in 1866. Due to the growth of mining and logging in Serrano territory at this time, various clans across our ancestral territory were yet again murdered or chased out of their villages. By the mid-1800s, once the missions were secularized and both the Spanish and Mexican governments were removed from the area now called California, Serrano people were then overrun by American settlers.
